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・ Flores monarch
・ Flores mud moray
・ Flores River
・ Flores scops owl
・ Flores Sea
・ Flores shrew
・ Flores tiger
・ Flores warty pig
・ Flores woolly bat
・ Flores, Amores e Blábláblá
・ Flores, Buenos Aires
・ Flores, El Petén
・ Flores, Los Santos
・ Flores, Pernambuco
・ Flores-class gunboat
Flores-Figueroa v. United States
・ Florescu
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・ Floresta Azul
・ Floresta do Araguaia
・ Floresta do Piauí
・ Floresta station
・ Floresta, Boyacá
・ Floresta, Buenos Aires
・ Floresta, Paraná
・ Floresta, Pernambuco
・ Floresta, Rio Grande do Sul
・ Floresta, Sicily
・ Florestal


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Flores-Figueroa v. United States : ウィキペディア英語版
Flores-Figueroa v. United States

''Flores-Figueroa v. United States'', 556 U.S. 646 (2009), was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States, holding that the law enhancing the sentence for identity theft requires proof that an individual knew that the identity card or number he had used belonged to another, actual person. Simply using a Social Security Number is not sufficient connection to another individual.
==Background==
Ignacio Flores-Figueroa, an illegal alien from Mexico, used a counterfeit Social Security card bearing his real name and a false Social Security number to obtain employment at a steel plant in East Moline, Illinois. Though he did not know it, the number belonged to a real person, a minor. The question in the case was whether workers who use false Social Security and alien registration numbers must know that they belong to a real person to be subject to a two-year sentence extension for "aggravated identity theft."
Specifically, the case hinged on whether the adverb "knowingly" applies only to the verb or also to the object in 18 U.S.C. (§1028A(a)(1) ) (which defines aggravated identity theft): "Whoever () knowingly transfers, possesses, or uses, without lawful authority, a means of identification of another person ()".〔Jason Merchant (February 25, 2009) (Adverbial modification at the Supreme Court today ), Language Log.〕

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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